OPEN LETTER TO ALL ILLINOIS FEDERAL FIREARMS LICENSEES

May 29, 2008

The purpose of this open letter is to advise you of an important change to the procedure you must
follow beginning July 1, 2008 in order to comply with the Brady law,
18 U.S.C. § 922(t).
Beginning July 1, 2008, Illinois Firearms Owner Identification (FOID) cards no longer qualify as
an alternative to a National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) check through
the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). Please note that this change also applies to pawn
transactions. The change is discussed in detail below.
BACKGROUND
The permanent provisions of the Brady law took effect on November 30, 1998. The Brady law
generally requires licensed dealers to initiate a NICS background check through the FBI before
transferring a firearm to an unlicensed individual. However, the Brady law contains a few
exceptions to the NICS check requirement, including an exception for holders of certain State
permits to possess, carry, or acquire firearms. The law and implementing regulations provide
that permits issued within the past 5 years may qualify as alternatives to the NICS check if
certain other requirements are satisfied. Most importantly, the authority issuing the permit must
conduct a NICS background check and must deny a permit to anyone prohibited from possessing
firearms under Federal, State, or local law.
In 1998, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) sent an Open Letter to
all Illinois Federal firearms licensees (FFLs) advising them that Illinois FOID cards would
qualify as alternatives to the background check required under the Brady law. FFLs were further
advised that they must still comply with State law, and that Illinois law does not recognize the
FOID card as an alternative to the background check required under Illinois State law.
Specifically, Firearm Transfer Inquiry Program (FTIP) check (which would include a NICS
check) must be conducted for all firearms transactions, even if the purchaser has a valid FOID.
Due to a recent Illinois appellate court decision, we have reconsidered whether the FOID card
qualifies as an alternative to the NICS check. In Hiland v. Trent, 373 Ill. App. 3d 582, 868 N.E.
2d 396 (2007), the court stated that the Firearm Owners Identification Card Act did not prohibit
the issuance of a FOID card to a person who is precluded from possessing firearms under Federal
law but merely provided the authority to deny a FOID card to such person. As a result, the FOID
card will no longer qualify as an alternative to the background check required by the Brady law,
as well as the FTIP check.
HOW THIS AFFECTS FFLS
Licensees must continue to conduct background checks. Since Illinois is a NICS Point-of-
Contact State, you must continue to contact the Illinois State Police, rather than the FBI, to
conduct both the Brady and FTIP checks.
If you have any questions about the Illinois FOID card no longer qualifying as an alternative to
the NICS check, please call ATF’s Brady Operations Branch at (304) 616-4299. As always, we
thank you for your cooperation.
Audrey Stucko
Acting Assistant Director
(Enforcement Programs and Services)